Proper root development during the first few weeks following corn emergence is critical to the success of the crop. The mesocotyl is the white tubular plant part located between the kernel and the base of the coleoptile (the protective covering). The mesocotyl is the first true stem internode of the young corn seedling. A healthy mesocotyl is extremely important since it transports nutrients from the kernel to the developing seedling. The plant primarily depends on the kernel’s contents for its nutrients and energy until the nodal roots are developed. Therefore, it is possible that seedlings may be stunted or die if their nodal roots do not develop before the kernel reserves are exhausted. It is helpful to check fields at this point in the season for root development to determine if seedlings are healthy. Mesocotyl rot can occur in corn seedlings at this stage of growth with the right combination of environmental conditions.
Corn has two root systems that are easily visible early in the year, the seminal and nodal roots. The initial root system, the seminal roots, is comprised of the radicle and lateral seminal roots. The seminal roots anchor the young seedling and provide it with nutrients and water. The second root system, the nodal roots, develops at the base of the coleoptile. They should form approximately 1 to 1.5 inches below the soil surface. Seminal roots cease new growth shortly after the coleoptile emerges from the soil surface. Once the plant is approximately V1, the nodal root system is visible. The nodal root system then becomes the dominant system by V6.
It takes all of these parts of the plant to grow a strong stand. To learn more about how you can ‘Grow Strong’ with Axis Seed, visit www.axisseed.com for more information.